the Cathedral :: essays research papers

Far and away The buzz-saw growled and shook in the yard What's more, made residue and dropped oven length sticks of wood, Pleasant smelling stuff when the breeze drew across it. Also, from that point those that lifted eyes could check Five mountain ranges one behind the other Under the nightfall far into Vermont. Also, the saw growled and shook, growled and shook, As it ran light, or needed to tolerate a heap. Furthermore, nothing occurred: day was everything except done. Consider it daily, so they said To satisfy the kid by giving him the half hour That a kid checks so much when spared from work. His sister remained adjacent to them in her cover To let them know "Supper." At the word, As to settle the saw down As the saw realized what â€Å"supper† implied The saw, jumped out at the kid's hand, or appeared to jump He more likely than not given it a flick of the hand. Anyway it was, The saw met its last lay very still on the arm of the young lady. The kid's first objection was a sad snicker, As his sister stayed quiet as though nothing was of large issues As he solidified in wonder of what had quite recently happened, Half in bid, however half as though to keep His sister’s life from spilling. At that point the kid saw all Since he was mature enough to know, enormous kid Accomplishing a man's work, however a kid on a fundamental level He was unable to stand to perceive what the saw has done. It was not his doing; yet the saw, Or on the other hand was it him that caused this abomination? For what reason would he say he was given the half hour? Why couldn’t they let him work into the night? It was not his shortcoming, His sister shouted â€Å"supper† to him. He saw all ruined. "Don't them see who has done this The specialist, when he comes. Try not to let him, sister!" Sister couldn't understand what has happened to the kid, In any case, the raising was done, and the result was the kid. What might befall him? Not his sister, yet to him? The specialist put him in the corner of ether. All consideration was to be given to the boy’s sister. He can't permit this to be his issue. He lay and puffed his lips out with his breath. He paced forward and backward, thinking, thinking, Of what to do, what to state now. And afterward the watcher of the girl’s beat took dismay. Nobody accepted. They tuned in at her heart.

Ethics in Journalism Essay Sample

Morals in Journalism Essay Sample Morals in Journalism Essay News coverage is one of the most significant fields of training that each individual ought to need to consider with their training and exercises. This is the utilization of news detailing made by writers to a specific situation or condition that is pertinent to the network. The objective of news coverage is to give attention to the general population in regards to the drifting news and most recent updates our society’s exercises. For this situation, esteeming the hugeness of news announcing relate to moral applications for each columnist and news systems for showing and detailing important data to the general population. The fundamental reason for existing is to advise the general population in regards to a situation that may make a hazard the included network. The explanation for is to forestall any dangers or perils that are making a pressure the general public. Morals in reporting accompanies a capable method of transferring data to people in general. One of the principle reasons is to forestall clashing interests with people in general just as with the nearby government units. Each nitty gritty news report accompanies the rule of veracity in light of the fact that the open has to know the realness of the data being distributed on the web. Dependable distribution of articles and news detailing accompanies an expert obligation by the columnists. The explanation for is to guarantee that the efficiency of the news gets solid to people in general. Relating data as per their advantage gives motivation to the general public to render their trust with the columnist who is liable for announcing certain news. In the event that the writer keeps on giving an expert method of distributing pertinent news, they begin to pick up regard from their kindred partner just as by people in general. We generally see that various phony news reports are presently multiplying over the web. Models are news about a VIP or a political symbol that died as of late. Be that as it may, the validness of the article distributed online neglects to confirm it in light of the fact that the individual who distributed the article isn't an official columnist. Writers here and there are in danger of submitting appropriated news announcing because of the way that data that has been accounted for has comparative substance with the reporter’s news report. This is the motivation behind why news systems set up a coordinated answering to guarantee that copyright encroachments won't influence significant news systems liable for advancing news and most recent updates. Morals in reporting applies with the regard of security for people or respondents who would prefer not to have their names or face showed by the camera and the PC illustrations master of the news organize. One of the most significant moral utilizations of news-casting is to report a specific situation that doesn't disregard the privileges of others. The explanation for is to forestall any defilement of viewer’s minds as they are enthusiastic about tuning in or viewing the news to get mindful of any pertinent data that influences their own issues. Models are prejudice, erotic entertainment, foulness, realistic picture or recordings, separation, loathe discourse, verbal contentions, or purposeful isolation. Journalists edit their articles or news before distributing it on the open space to forestall any danger of engaging in claims. A few writers are typically called by courts for engaging in defamation or criticism claims recorded by the complainant who was irritated by the article or the news as of late answered to people in general (Ames, 2011). Reference Ames, Roger T. (2011). Confucian Role Ethics: A Vocabulary. College of Hawaiê »i Press. ISBN 978-0-8248-3576-7.

Jurisprudence and corporate Social Responsibility Essay - 1

Law and corporate Social Responsibility - Essay Example the â€Å"first prudence of social foundations, as truth is of frameworks of thought.† Therefore, equity can be recognized from empathy, leniency, liberality, kindness and good cause. The comprehension of the idea of equity changes between social orders relying upon their folklore, religion and shared history. Nonetheless, the basic component about the idea of equity in each general public is that it is impacted by values made by the society’s morals. For the most part, equity has been seen by social orders as either concordance, characteristic law, divine order, a human creation, a shared understanding, a subordinate trait and even as a dishonesty. The obligation of the guaranteeing that equity is agreed to each individual from the general public is a corporate social duty. There are various methodologies or speculations that can be applied in characterizing what comprises equity in a nation. The three speculations of equity that will be talked about in this paper are Justice as Fairness, Utilitarianism and Libertarianism. As per utilitarianism, a general public can be supposed to be simply if its foundations and laws advance the best aggregate or normal bliss of everything about part (Hare 1982). The inquiry in this hypothesis is â€Å"how we decide the general joy or potentially fulfillment of every individual from the society?† Therefore, this hypothesis can be said to give a backhanded way to deal with the issue of equity since equity isn't care for weight or temperature that can legitimately estimated. Generally, utilitarianism depended upon the record of types of association and social conditions essential for the acknowledgment of this great. It likewise depended on the hypothesis of human great, that will be, what was however to be useful for individuals or that which they required for them to prosper (Mary 1973). The issue here is that it isn't workable for all individuals to concede to what kind of things or life is alluring. For instance, agents, priests, intelligent people, craftsmen, warriors, salespersons or competitors have

Dramatic Irony to Build the Character of Macbeth Essay Example for Free

Emotional Irony to Build the Character of Macbeth Essay Macbeth, there’s a section wherein the King is talking with Banquo and Macbeth. They are in the King’s royal residence, remarking about Macbeth turning out to be Thane of Cawdor. One of the artistic assets that Shakespeare continually utilizes is incongruity. For this situation, he utilizes sensational incongruity, in which the crowd knows about a circumstance that different characters are inexperienced with. In this particular situation, he utilizes the incongruity to develop the character of Macbeth, to let the crowd judge him themselves. There are different models in which the emotional incongruity is express. The King has exclusive standards of the deeds that Macbeth will satisfy. He believes Macbeth and he has quite recently been allocated to be Thane of Cawdor. â€Å"He was a man of honor on whom I manufactured a flat out trust†. The King is alluding to the previous Thane of Cawdor who sold out him, he’s submitting a similar slip-up twice, yet he is by all accounts excessively gullible, not considering the way that possibly Macbeth can sell out him as well. Macbeth isn't anticipating doing as such yet, however he is being enticed to. The crowd realizes that Macbeth has addressed the three witches, that he has turning out to be lord in his brain, the ruler doesn’t know this. Macbeth has been introduced to us as a decent individual, not abhorrent. He doesn’t appear to have any plans against the lord, or against anyone, he is by all accounts legit and pacific. We think this way thus wrap up of the characters. The issue is that a snag has been put in his manner, he has been enticed, he is being controlled into getting insatiable and aspiring. Enticement is assaulting his brain, one can obviously distinguish this in his aside, â€Å"let not light observe my dark and profound desires† . He is admitting to himself that he is feeling actuation to carry out a wrongdoing so as to get to the crown. The situational incongruity here is available due to the way that the ruler is saying superb remarks regarding Macbeth and he is noting him with all regard and respect, however the crowd hears his aside, demonstrating him to be somewhat of a fraud. The picture the observers have of Macbeth is starting to change. Macbeth lauds the King in all of his sentences. He keeps revealing to him how hard he is going to function for him, the amount he respects him and what a joy it is to work straightforwardly for him. The watchers begin to scrutinize the veracity of Macbeth’s explanations. He is by all accounts attempting to persuade the King to confide in him, when Macbeth doesn’t even confide in himself since he is extremely befuddled. â€Å"The administration and the steadfastness I owe,/In doing it, pays itself. † Macbeth is by all accounts fair when he expresses these words, yet when we tune in to his speech we question this. This is the thing that fabricates the situational incongruity once more. The sensational incongruity is an instrument for the crowd to become familiar with the character of Macbeth. The audience members used to believe that Macbeth was indiscreet, guileless, and great hearted, after this scene, individuals begin to scrutinize that. This means to the subject of the play, â€Å"Fair is foul, and foul is fair† . There’s disarray between what’s right and what’s wrong. To this point, the onlookers don’t realize what to consider Macbeth, it is totally summed up in what the ruler stated, â€Å"There’s no workmanship/To discover the mind’s development in the face. † No issue what your picture of someone is, there’s a fifty/fifty possibility this is bogus.

Fixed Income Securities Market in Pakistan

Fixed Income Securities Market in Pakistan Free Online Research Papers A well working security advertise is basic for the improvement of a nation’s economy and guaranteeing the money related division solidness. This paper gives a diagram of the present structure of Fixed Income Securities Market Pakistan and its working. The paper likewise centers around the key snags which are in Pakistan’s approach to make its security showcase solid, profound and fluid. Proposals are likewise given to evacuate the hindrance from the advancement of an effective Fixed Income Securities Market in Pakistan. Presentation An effective fixed salary security advertise, both government and corporate, is exceptionally satisfying for the quick improvement of any economy as it prompts the proficient preparation of assets for long haul venture. Governments can help accomplish the allocative proficiency from the Market based Government Debt Securities . The continuous issues of protections of different developments by the administration enables building a respect bend that fills in as the benchmark for the issuance of corporate obligation protections. Raising assets through securities spares the organization from the lumbering technique of giving value. Organizations know their advantage uses before hand and this known expense of capital encourages them in arranging planning process. A solid security advertise offers an elective wellspring of financing to organizations other than banks. This elective wellspring of financing was cited as â€Å"the save tire† of economy by the previous Federal Reserve Chairman Allan Greenspan . Absence of an effective security advertise is frequently observed as the essential explanation for the Asian Crisis. The financial segment couldn't remain before the Asian Crisis of 1997, FDI began flying back and the money related framework had nothing to offer as far as capital as the failure of the developing markets of Asia to acquire long haul in neighborhood monetary standards had brought about powerless fixed pay protections markets and this â€Å"Spare tire† was not accessible to the eme rgency struck nations. This moved the focal point of arrangement producers towards the production of an effective security advertise. Be that as it may, numerous emergency ridden rising economies despite everything linger behind regarding the security markets (Table-1) Table-1 Country Bond Market as % of GDP Country Bond Market as % of GDP India 0.4 Malaysia 38.2 China 0.7 USA 22 Brazil 0.6 Korea 21.1 Russia 1.5 Japan 16.3 Worldwide Financial Stability Report-2005, IMF Along these lines, a solid productive security showcase and a solid financial part offer sound rivalry to one another and by commending each other guarantee monetary soundness regardless of whether one source in under pressure. 1. Country Background Pakistan acquired a small and lacking money related structure after the freedom. The money related structure that we have today in Pakistan is the consequence of numerous examinations, strategy movements and improvements. We can isolate the times of approach shifts advancements into following periods; Till 1971, the essential center was of the administrations was on the advancement of business banks in the private segment and making Development Institutions upheld by government. The 1947-1960 period was set apart with private part improvement while the concentration during the 1960-1971 was on the advancement of open division organizations for example KPT, SSGCL, SNGP and so on. The private division improvement nearly stopped up during the 1971-1990, attributable to the nationalization approach of the Z.A Bhutto system and non-accommodating arrangement towards private organizations by their ancestors. The financial part came into government’s control during this period. The legislature, be that as it may, followed progressively liberal and market based change in the post 1990 period. The fixed pay protections advertise followed the comparative move as appeared in the above given turns of events. The underlying period of the fixed salary protections showcase is from 1947 to 1990. The administration, government just as commonplace, used to acquire on tap instruments and hostage subsidizing. Attributable to the concessionary advances accessible from the state bank, the government could back its monetary shortfalls from these advances. Along these lines, till 1990s, there was no extension for the advancement of a proficient government protections advertise that could give a benchmark yield bend to the improvement of a private area security showcase The government provided prize securities in 1960s and some NSS conspires yet since they were all on TAP so there couldn't build up an optional market for them. In 1960s and 1970s the debentures gave by Pakistani enterprises were recorded on the stock trades with a constrained optional market. Before 1990, the greatest issue of bonds by some organization was by WAPDA (Table-2). This issue was a disappointment and the reasons are referenced underneath. In any case, there is solid supposition that the debentures gave by WAPDA fizzled on the grounds that the market was juvenile for such sort of move. . Giving Corporation WAPDA Issuance Year 1988 Assets Generated RS 22.5 billion Experience Failure Reason WAPDA couldn't recompense on development because of deficient assets No Secondary Market Table-2 Post 1990 Era The post 1990 period was set apart with liberal changes showcase based changes by the administration in the economy. This is the time wherein Pakistan came into the fixed pay Securities Market. We can isolate the post 1990 security advertise into 1) Government Debt Securities, 2) Corporate Debt Securities. 2. Government Debt Securities The administration of Pakistan has run over huge financial shortfalls over the two decades. The monetary shortage remains at $373 billion in financial year 2006-07 . This has come about into the collection of enormous residential obligation of Rs. 2511 billion in monetary year 2006-07 3.1 PIBs-Pakistan Investment Bonds Administration of Pakistan gave long haul paper (FIBs) in 1992, with this appeared the drawn out yield bend so the corporate enteritis to benchmark and issue their own drawn out protections. The closeout of FIBs was halted in 1998 because of less reaction by people in general on the declining income on these instruments. Around then, there was no drawn out attractive government security that could meet the speculation needs of institutional financial specialists. The, administration, so as to build up the more extended finish of its obligation advertise for making a benchmark yield bend and to upgrade the corporate obligation showcase, chose to dispatch Pakistan Investment Bonds in December 2000. These bonds have the accompanying qualities Given in five tenors of 3, 5, 10, 15 and 20-years development. Essential Dealer keeps up a Subsidiary General Ledger Account (SGLA) with SBP for the settlement reason Bought by people, establishments and corporate bodies including banks independent of their private status. SBP Ministry of Finance report the coupon rates and the objective sums in the wake of counseling one another Benefit is Paid Semiannually The PIBs speak to 63% of all out perpetual obligation while 13.23% of the absolute household obligation by March 2007. 3.2 MTBs Market Treasury Bills are the momentary protections for government acquiring. They have the accompanying Characteristics; Given in three tenors of 3-month, half year and a year development Zero Coupon bonds sold at a markdown to their assumed estimations Bought by people, establishments and corporate bodies including banks independent of their private status. Essential Dealer keeps up a Subsidiary General Ledger Account (SGLA) with SBP for the settlement reason The exceptional measure of MTBs as of March 2007 is Rs. 1086.25 billion (43.25% of complete Domestic Debt) 3.3 Auction Process for Government Securities State bank of Pakistan goes about as a specialist for the administration to raise the momentary long haul assets from the market. State Bank offers the MTBs and PIBs to the 10 essential Dealers through cost fixed offers sell off. The 10 essential sellers are: ABN Amro Bank NV Citibank Habib Bank Limited JS Bank Limited MCB Bank Limited National Bank of Pakistan Pak Oman Investment Co. Prime Commercial Bank Standard Chartered Bank (Pakistan) Limited Joined Bank Limited The closeout of MTBs is done on a fixed calendar on fortnightly premise while the sale of PIBs is done under Jumbo issuance instrument under which the past issues are revived so as to improve their liquidity in the optional market. Local Debt Profile of Pakistan-March 2007 Local Debt $2511.969Billion Lasting Debt 528.802 Market Loans 3.026 Government Bonds 9.313 Personal Tax Bonds 0.022 Government Bonds 0.052 Uncommon Governemnt Bonds for SLIC ( capitalization) 0.585 Conveyor National Fund Bonds(BNFB) 0.007 Uncommon National Fund Bonds 0.001 Government Bonds (gave to HBL for settlement of CBR Refund) 9,805 9805 Government Investment Bonds(Auction) 3.331 Government Investment Bonds (TAP) 0.001 Pakistan Investment Bonds (PIBs) 332.534 Prize Bonds 170.126 F loating Debt $ 1086.524 billion Treasury Bills(3 Months) 0.013 Market Treasury Bills 556.67 MTBs for Replenishment 529.994 Unfunded Debt $ 896.643 billion Guard Savings Certificates 291041 National Deposit Certificates 0.023 Khas Deposit Certificates 0.28 Uncommon Savings Certificates 143.528 Uncommon Savings Certificates 0.286 Standard Income Certificates 572.23 Bahbood Savings Certificates 181.716 Khas Deposit Accounts 0.321 Investment funds Accounts 9.224 Uncommon Savings Accounts 55.272 Mahana Amdani Accounts 2.479 Beneficiaries Benefit Accounts 66.903 Postal Life Insurance 67.122 GP Fund 20.723 Source-Economic Analysis Department, SBP 3. Corporate Debt Market/Statutory Debt Market The security showcase in Pakistan saw its first corporate issuance in 1995 by Packages Limited. The pattern of giving TFCs couldn't get a move on till 2000 when government halted the institutional speculators to put resources into NSS which end up being profoundly valuable for TFCs. Practically all the open offers were over-bought in, this was likewise fundamentally because of the declining interest

Avoiding Triggers With Borderline Personality Disorder

Avoiding Triggers With Borderline Personality Disorder More in BPD Living With BPD Diagnosis Treatment Related Conditions We know that with  borderline personality disorder (BPD), symptoms are often made worse by certain situations, people, or events. For example, many people with BPD find that their symptoms are triggered by criticism from loved ones, reminders of traumatic events, or perceived episodes of abandonment or rejection. These memories or actions can bring on symptoms  of BPD, such as extreme emotional reactions and poor impulse control. Avoiding Triggers One strategy you can use to manage your BPD symptoms is to avoid triggers altogether. This is often recommended in the early stages of BPD treatment plans as you begin to get a handle on your symptoms. Avoiding triggers can be an important step to get you more stabilized while you learn essential coping skills during therapy. By staying away from things that set off your symptoms, you have time to practice your skills in situations that are low risk for you. If you jump into trigger situations before you have a solid foundation from therapy, you are likely  to be unprepared to handle them and will likely experience your usual BPD symptoms or outbursts. Understanding Triggers BPD triggers  are situations, people, or events that can worsen your BPD symptoms. While specific BPD triggers vary from person to person, there are some that are very common. They can be either external, happening in the world around you, or internal, occurring only in your thoughts. The things that trigger you will depend on your history. For example, if you experienced abuse as a child, things that could bring those memories to the forefront might include a news report of child abuse, an article in the paper, or even a movie. Identifying Your Triggers If you havent done so previously, take a moment to learn  how to identify your BPD triggers. If youre not sure where to start, try to think of times in the recent past when you felt intense emotion, impulsivity, or felt a desire to self-harm. Then look back to the events that preceded the emotion. Therapists often recommend writing down a list of triggers, followed by the emotion they triggered, and the reaction you had to that emotion. How to Avoid Triggers With BPD Early on in treatment, it may help to design your life in a way in which you can minimize triggers. Some people find that they need to eliminate watching the news from their day, and possibly eliminate many forms of media in general. If there are people in your life who trigger you, you may need to go low contact or no contact while you work through the initial stages of your BPD. There are some triggers that your therapist may recommend you continue to avoid even later into your  treatment plan. If a certain movie scene reminds you of a traumatic childhood event, theres no point in watching it or forcing yourself through it; it will only cause unnecessary pain. From movies to sad songs, these are the types of small triggers you can avoid without disrupting your life. Other Strategies for Coping Avoiding triggers is not always possible or even advisable, and therefore learning other ways to  cope with BPD triggers  is important as well. Avoiding triggers is only one option for your recovery and not a long-term solution for every trigger. While it can be extremely helpful as you begin to work with a therapist,  you need to exercise this strategy in moderation. Avoiding triggers can be very useful when the trigger you are avoiding is predictable and avoiding it doesnt limit your life in significant ways. But if the trigger is unpredictable or involves very large parts of your life, avoiding it isnt realistic or sustainable. For example, many people with BPD are triggered by conflict in their relationships. The only way to avoid conflict in relationships completely, however, is to have no relationships at all, since conflict is an inevitable part of all relationships. Unfortunately, many people with BPD find themselves pushing away loved ones for this very reason; they may become avoidant of relationships altogether in order to avoid exacerbating their symptoms. This strategy doesnt work. It only makes feelings of rejection and loneliness worse, bringing on severe symptoms. Find Support With the 9 Best Online Therapy Programs Deciding How to Handle Triggers Its important to work with your therapist or doctor when deciding how to handle triggers. He or she will help you navigate whether or not its practical to avoid them. If avoiding a trigger will disrupt your life in some way, such as keeping you from going to work or ignoring your partner, avoidance isnt a viable option for you. Your therapist will instead help you find another way to cope with the trigger, such as developing a trigger action plan. Bottom Line Triggers can set off or exacerbate the symptoms of borderline personality disorder. If youre living with BPD, learning to identify those triggers is an important part of managing your symptoms. Avoiding triggers can sometimes be helpful, especially early on when youre learning to navigate your condition. With time, however, other methods of coping with triggers become very important in order to develop and improve your relationships with others.

Online Barmy Online Roulette Myths That Need Dispelling

Blog 31 – Barmy online roulette myths that need dispelling No other online casino game quite sells glamour like online roulette. The drama of the spinning wheel is almost unmatched no matter where it is you choose to play. While the appeal of online roulette is clear for all to see, it seems that over the years several ridiculous myths have been attached to the game. Many of these myths are simply barmy in nature and need dispelling. Thankfully, we have done our research and are finally able to address several roulette ubran legends, hopefully putting them to bed once and for all. Myth 1 – All roulette wheels are the same It is ridiculous that in 2015 that some players still believe this. Online roulette is now a game that comes in†¦show more content†¦Being more specific, the green slot means that a 50/50 bet will never ever be possible no matter how many number combinations you utilise. Myth 3 – Mathematics is the key to online roulette success People like to compare online roulette to the likes of blackjack and poker in the sense that they feel a mathmatical approach can lead to victory. The problem is that mathematics holds not grounds within the game of online roulette and holds no ground as far as stratergy is concered. There is no data that you can analyse or startergy that you can implemenet that is going to change the fact that online roulette is a luck based game and little more. Myth 4 – You can trick an online casino through offset bets No matter what any online roulette betting strategy tells you, there is no way to trick the game or the casino to improve your level of profit. The common myth attached to such relates to using offset bets, with the idea being that you will win more. For example, you choose to be  £15 on evens, then you bet  £10 odds, coming to a  £25 total. The myth is that this will create enough of an offest on the odds that no matter the outcome you will come out with profit in hand. While in the world of sports betting their could be an argument for such startergy, it relates to nothing but nonsense in the world of online roulette. Myth 5 – Money management methods can affect the house edge The final myth on this countdown is probably the easiest

I Have Chosen Domestic Abuse And Sexual Assault As My Topic

I have chosen domestic abuse and sexual assault as my topic for this paper assignment. I have chosen this as my topic because I am a criminology major and these topics are always an interest to me because of the cases that I ve studied previously of how it affects the family dynamics and the court procedure. Not only that, but I am going to be entering in a career in law enforcement. As a police officer I will be dealing with this issue a lot and what most people don’t realize is that these events is a serious sociological importance in family lives. That these issues aren’t little problems that rarely happens to people. In reality these type of violence is a common thing that happens to people at anytime and anywhere and most likely we†¦show more content†¦As with straight couple domestic abuse, domestic abuse in the gay community cuts across all. If gay or lesbian people are a victim, then they are less likely to be helped. It could be because authority don’t care due to their sexual preferences because of their bias. Or that it is a recent thing to be dealing with and the authorities don’t know what to do because there is simply no â€Å"laws† about gay domestic abuse situation. This is very absurd because there is no significant difference domestic abuse between straight and gay couples. For they are both human beings and the laws of domestic abuse offense applies to gay couples as well. What else plays a role into this is that it effects the family and by that it affects the kids drastically. Children of victims often witness the abuse. This exposure to domestic violence is harmful and can cause an age-dependent negative effects to the children’s psychological health. Such negative effects could become fearful and anxious (Katz, 2016). The children are always on guard, watching and waiting for the next violent event to occur. The children that experience the even would never know what will trigger the abuse. For this they would never feel safe. They will always be worried for themselves, their mother or father, and their siblings. They also may feel worthless and/or powerless because they couldn’t do anything to prevent the violent event from happening. Children who growShow MoreRelatedA Case Witness For Battered Woman Syndrome1410 Words   |  6 Pagesthe course of this semester we have studied many different subjects of criminal law. I found that our studies on assault, battery, and other crimes against the person to be the most interesting. To me this subject was the most compelling because I was unaware of many of the requirements that constitutes assault, battery, kidnapping, etc. I also found it interesting because this particular subject was relevant and useful for Business Law, a class I am enrolled in at my high school. In Business Law,Read MoreThe Relationship Between Victims And Offenders2945 Words   |  12 PagesVarious Types of Sexual Assault Cases and the Influence of Society, Culture, the Media, Tradition on these Cases: Rough Outline CONTENTS: I. INTRODUCTION THESIS II. FACTS, STATISTICS, TOPIC BACKGROUND III. HISTORY OF SEXUAL ASSAULT CASES AND MOVEMENTS IV. ANALYZING THE CHARACTERISTICS OF THE VICTIM AND THE OFFENDER AND THEIR RELATIONSHIP IN A TRADITIONAL SOCIOLOGICAL SENSE V. SEXUAL ASSAULT CASES AND DOMESTIC VIOLENCE (SEXUAL ABUSE BETWEEN COUPLES) VI. SEXUAL ASSAULT IN THE PRISON SYSTEMRead MoreBecoming A Licensed Clinical Social Worker And Provide Therapeutic Services At The Emerging Market Of Farr Certified Recovery Residences1381 Words   |  6 Pages My current career objective is to work in the field of addictions and I hope to work directly with individuals seeking substance abuse treatment. 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Domestic violence brings negative outcomes towards the victim and the abuser. Domestic violence could ruin both the victim and the abuser’s lives. Domestic violence still remains a big issueRead MoreEssay on Interpretation of A Feminist View on Pornography2124 Words   |  9 PagesInterpretation of A Feminist View on Pornography The article that I will be breaking down in the following paper is â€Å"Pornography, Civil Rights, and Speech† by Catherine A. MacKinnon. I believe the best area to start is to briefly describe MacKinnon and her article. MacKinnon is a professor of law at the University of Michigan. The article deals with the affects of pornography on society. MacKinnon feels that some pornography should be illegal. 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Using secondary data, this qualitative piece of research explores the long term effects of child sexual abuse in later adult lifeRead MoreFemale Criminality11608 Words   |  46 Pagesrise of female offending. However, in viewing the current research on the subject, it appears that the overall theme of this dissertations discussion is still relevant despite changes in the accompanying statistics as seen in viewing the following topics: the rise in female offending; the continual rise that females are committing more crimes than men; and the types of crimes that women are committing. In viewing Bruce Grosss 2009 article, Battle of the Sexes: The Nature of Female Delinquency,

Major Concerns for Canadas Northwestern Territories

To solve the shrinking population and already small population issue the Northwest Territories has decided to look for recruits. The government has come up with a plan to â€Å"attract 2,000 more residents over the next five years, to help grow the territorys economy.† (â€Å"N.W.T. Aims to Attract 2,000 to Territory1†) This plan seems to have very good promise since there is a lot to be attracted to in the Northwest Territories. Aside form the cold temperatures there is a surplus of job opening and offering, there is plenty of land and space, resources have yet to be exploited and as mentioned before there are the northern lights and plenty of adventurous activities. The government hopes that at least 20% of the 2000 residents â€Å"will be students who leave the territory for post-secondary education coming back to live and work.† (â€Å"With Population Shrinking†1) The government also has hopes to â€Å"improve its immigrant nominee program† (â⠂¬Å"With Population Shrinking†1), which will help eliminate fly-in/fly-out workers. The potential for economic growth is very promising. In a time where a good portion of economies are taking a hit, this is the perfect opportunity for people to move and take advantage of the Northwest territories small population and weak economy. Many people struggle to find jobs and if they move there is a good chance they could land their dream job instead of a fall back dream. For example, in the article With Population Shrinking, Canadas N.W.T. Seeks Recruits† from theShow MoreRelatedImpacts of Historical Globalization.6706 Words   |  27 Pagescolonization of the British of what is now Canada. In the 16 and 17 hundreds, the soldiers and sailors of France and England attempted to destroy each other in a long series of wars for international supremacy. Their battlegrounds included the territories of New France and New England where settlers with the help of the Indians were by then trapping, trading, clearing farms and building towns. When the wars reached the New World, settlers on both sides of the conflict quickly affirmed their friendshipRead MoreHistory Grade 10 Exam Review6476 Words   |  26 PagesMussolini * 1922 ïÆ'   took power in Italy * First fascist dictatorship in Europe * Neville Chamberlain: 1937- 1940 * British PM * Warned Hitler England was ready to go to war to prevent Germany from getting more European territory * Winston Churchill: 1940- 1955 * British PM * Asked Canada to send troops for the battle of Hong Kong * Franklin Roosevelt: 1933- 1945 * President of US * Created the New Deal in 1935 * Harry Truman: 1945-Read MoreInternal Terrorism in India5989 Words   |  24 PagesTable of content Introduction 01 Chronology of major incidents 04 †¢ Western india 04 †¢ Jammu and kashmir 05 †¢ Northern and Northwestern India 06 †¢ Northeastern india 10 †¢ South india 13 †¢ Challenges before India’s Internal Security 14 Internal strategy 16 â€Æ' Introduction Internal terrorism has been an ugly scene in India probably for as long as we have known. The independence war saw theRead MoreDiscourse on Aboriginal Health Care7025 Words   |  29 PagesNursing Science MNS 620 Culture and Health Margo deJong Berg The Discourse of On Reserve Housing The substance of this paper will be to discuss the discourse regarding the inequalities facing aboriginal peoples living on reserves in the northwestern corner of Ontario. Inequality is not naturally occurring; poverty is not an innate cultural trait that accumulates at the feet of the marginalized (Schick St.Denis, 2005, p.304). Stephens, Nettleton and Porter stated in the Lancet (2005) â€Å"AboriginalRead MoreOne Significant Change That Has Occurred in the World Between 1900 and 2005. Explain the Impact This Change Has Made on Our Lives and Why It Is an Important Change.163893 Words   |  656 Pagesbegin to comprehend the causes and consequences of the Great War that began in 1914. That conflict determined the contours of the twentieth century in myriad ways. On the one hand, the war set in motion transformative processes that were clearly major departures from those that defined the nineteenth-century world order. On the other, it perversely unleashed forces that would undermine Western world dominance and greatly constrict the forces advancing globalization, both of which can be seen

The Relationship Between Cosmetic Usage And Personality...

Analysis of the Relationship between Cosmetic Usage and Personality Traits Background and motivation: With the development of our society, people are increasingly paying more attention to their appearances. They tend to make themselves look more appealing through using cosmetics. As being a woman, I use cosmetics almost every day and it makes me feel comfortable and confident, and this is true for most women in the world. Moreover, the Manufacture of cosmetics is a growing market since early 20th century, and the distribution and sale of cosmetics spread among a wide range of different businesses. For instance, the fashion industry cannot be separated from cosmetics industry. Every magazine, especially those most famous ones like Vogue, almost half of their pages are about cosmetics new products. Furthermore, the largest cosmetic market in the world is the US. In 2012, the estimated total revenue of cosmetic industry in the US is about 54.89 billion dollars. There are about 53,619 people working in the industry, this fact shows that the cosmetic industry provides a great number of job opportunities to citizens. Procter Gamble was one of the leading beauty cosmetic companies in the United States in 2012 and it was sharing 14.2 percent of the market revenue. Most importantly, the cosmetic industry is continuously developing. In 2010, Only online cosmetic shops and mail-order household sales produced about 7.2 billion U.S. dollars, with the spread of internet companies.Show MoreRelatedMental Health of Abused Women760 Words   |  3 Pagessingle attempters in people who suffered from personality disorders and depression.431 people participated from july 1996 to june 2008.Suicide attempts were assessed with a follow up evaluation at 6 and 12 months and then yearly through 10 years.21% of participants attempted suicide during 10 years of observation with 9% reporting a single suicide attempt and 12.5% reporting multiple suicide attempt.Multiple attempters met the criteria for borderline personality disorder and had higher impusivity scoresRead MoreThe Influence of Brand Loyalty on Cosmetics Buying Behavior of Uae Female Consumers6719 Words   |  27 Pagesof Marketing Studies Vol. 3, No. 2; May 2011 The Influence of Brand Loyalty on Cosmetics Buying Behavior of UAE Female Consumers Dr. Hamza Salim Khraim Marketing Department, Faculty of Business Middle East University, Amman, Jordan E-mail: hkhraim@meu.edu.jo Received: January 24, 2011 Accepted: February 9, 2011 doi:10.5539/ijms.v3n2p123 Abstract The worldwide annual expenditures for cosmetics is estimated at U.S. $18 billion, and many players in the field are competing aggressivelyRead MoreContinuous Male Make-up and Gender Identity2439 Words   |  10 PagesClass CONTINUOUS MALE MAKE-UP AND GENDER IDENTITY INTRODUCTION It is not a surprising phenomenon that men are becoming important consumers in the fashion and cosmetic products which are traditionally supposed to reserve for female consumption since the turn of the millennium. 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CelebritiesRead MorePersonality and Lifestyle8596 Words   |  35 PagesChapter OBJECTIVES When students finish this chapter they should understand why: †¢ A consumer’s personality influences the way he or she responds to marketing stimuli, but efforts to use this information in marketing contexts have met with mixed results. †¢ Consumers’ lifestyles are key to many marketing strategies. †¢ Psychographics go beyond simple demographics in helping marketers understand and reach different consumer segments. †¢ Identifying patterns of consumptionRead MoreVisual Portrayals Of Female Media1772 Words   |  8 Pagesdecades (Mager Helgeson 2010). Earlier females were portrayed to play the roles that were more stereotypical representing a domestic field with weak and dependent traits (Easton Toner 1983). However with the progression of time, women crossed this boundary and earned the respect in professional arena (Thurm 2001) with attained traits of being strong and autonomous (Kates Shaw-Garlock 1999). Similarly with the period of time, advertising also faced constant dynamic and revolutionary changes (BelchRead MoreMakeup Artist Business Plan8414 Words   |  34 Pagessub-contracted arrangements with other beauty professionals, such as hairdressers or beauty therapists. In the past, the word beauty was commonly associated with glamour, cosmetics, makeup, high fashion and beauty contests evoking images of film stars, models, luxury, and self-indulgence. However, there is a lot more to being a cosmetic makeup artist than merely giving a facial or applying makeup. The industry has evolved and matured with an increasing emphasis on health and fitness, total well-being

BrownGirl Brownstones Free Essays

The prose fiction Brown girl, brownstones by Paula Marshall, is a bloodcurdling with autobiographical elements, tracking the life and experiences of the main protagonist, Salina Boyce and the family and friends in her life. Marshall uses various elements and techniques in the prose, to bring about different themes, characteristics and aspects in her novel. The text is set mainly in the sass’s Brooklyn, New York, at a community of brownstone houses occupied by the Baja immigrants. We will write a custom essay sample on BrownGirl Brownstones or any similar topic only for you Order Now Though there are various perspectives of other personae in the prose, Marshall uses a third person reiterative to show the first person perspective of Salina. The story begins with Salina at ten years old and continues until she is no longer a minor. It shows the theme of identity as Salina is trying to find who she is amongst members in her family. â€Å"But they have taken no photographs†¦ † Was one of the first time Saline’s loneliness can be seen in the text. She is Jealous of the fact her parents took photographs of the family before the death of her infant brother, yet took no keepsakes of hers. Then it goes on to where Marshall is a very descriptive narrator, using a cinematic effect in her story ailing. The scenes shift continuously to suggest simultaneous action which produces a dramatic effect that helps to build conflict and suspense. She also uses devices and diction to bring about various themes and symbolic elements in her text. She uses the technique of epigraph to start each chapter, it is a type of foreshadowing, hinting of what will happen throughout the chapter. It also helps to characterize individuals in the story. Contrast is also a reoccurring technique in the text, as characters such as Sills and Tighten, Nina and Salina, have contradictory personalities. There is also introduction in the symbols and diction in the text. Words such as ‘winter’ and ‘Sun’, ‘darkness’ and ‘light’, are contradictory symbols referring to the characteristics of individuals such as Saline’s parents in the text. The writer involves the use of the Baja dialect as well as English, as if trying to incorporate the reader in the culture of Barbados and also add credibility and realism to the story. It suggests pride in the Baja culture. The author uses various figurative devices in the text. There is a heavy focus on the use of personification and architectural imagery. Symbolism is evident n the prose; using colors such as red to represent romance and sexual relationships; and white, and brownstones to represent upward mobility, status and unattainable goals. Land in the text is also symbolic of independence and opportunity. The use of conflict, such as; mother-daughter, husband-wife, black-white, is brought out by the symbols and conflicting elements in the prose. It shows the destruction in relationships, and accentuates climatic moments, such as when Tighten, used the money Sills stole from him, or when Silent told the whole Baja association, she’d tricked them. Marshall uses devices such as; imagery, epigraph, motif, reasoning, pathetic fallacy and biblical allusion, to show racism, identity, women in society, family, deceit, and various other themes in the prose fiction. The denouement, begins with Silent recognizing who she is and making final decisions for herself. After all her trials and lost relationships, she finally covers her identity, accepting who she has become, the trials she is yet to face and the people in her past who has made her who she is today. Especially her mother, whom she had always fought against. Rational The life of Tighten Boyce, was the subject chosen for the poem between many view Tighten as a problem in the text Brown girl, brownstones, giving him no sympathy. The poem was intended to convey sympathy for Tighten. His life in the poem is specifically intriguing as though he causes many shifts in characteristics of others in the text, his own life is not emphasized. The poem will hopefully give an explanation of the circumstances surrounding the issues of Tighten death, and his life. Mocking Jay I saw a song bird fight a bird of prey, Beautiful-ugly, he was, filled with sorrow, was she. Night and day, He sang a tune of love and wonder, She sang back of vices and plunder, I tried to save that mocking Jay, But the night stole him away. Where are you my mocking Jay? Trapped in the tomb of brown stones? Your young are calling, where are you? Won’t you fight the snow away? Don’t you hear the light’s moans? Has she trapped him too? No longer perched on your window sills They’ve clipped your wings You’ve destroyed their prison The flock screams their Baja banter Fly away home my mocking Jay Swim home my song bird But, mocking Jay’s never dive†¦ I’ll send a new light your way†¦ For you to see through winter’s clock†¦ To save your flock†¦ To blind your eyes†¦ And save you from the dark†¦ Shattered tunes of my broken song bird Remember your prayers Eulogy. The sad broken memory. The life you ran away. Dead like marrow staining the asphalt. Staining corals a sea away. Songs long dead, I’ll sing them to you. I’ll pray your tarnished soul away. Tighten, my mocking Jay. Analysis The poem â€Å"mocking Jay†, is a kind of stanza elegy, in tribute to a character in the prose text â€Å"Brown girl, Brownstones†. The poet uses the mimicking bird, mocking Jay, to represent the character Tighten in the prose text. Not only do mocking Jays have a gift in music, which was one of the professional genres Tighten attempted, but hey repeat everything sung to them in a mocking manner. Tighten, like these birds, reflects a mocking version of the negatives surround him; from using the money his wife stole from him, to purchase frivolous gifts to spite her; to changing his course of study every time he is confronted with racism or barriers. Tighten also has the dream like (surreal), and fun loving attributes common to these birds. The poem comprises of four sestets, a couplet a single line and a septet. The stanza formation, is quite symbolic. The first stanza is the first of the four sestets. At the end of each sentence in this sestets is a comma. This represents the fact that this relatively pleasant chapter in his life is not yet complete, it won’t end in a ‘happy ever after’. It is as if to say that the beginning of their relationship was an unfinished dream. The second sestets ends in a question within, as if questioning the relationship, not understanding the change in the relationship and in Sills. The third sestets ends without punctuation is representative to all the times Tighten and the audience were waiting to see Sill’s response to sightings behavior. The final sestets concludes with â€Å"structured-chaotic† punctuation, of when Sill’s revenge unfolds it was chaotic n the circumstances of deportation, but structured in that it was her plan all along. Combining with the lack of punctuation, the couplet of stanza five signifies his never ending pain. It symbolizes that, as the lack of punctuation prevents the sentence from truly being complete, his pain and suffering will not end even in the afterlife. The single line consists of one word â€Å"Eulogy†, this refers to the speech given at a funeral or a recollection of the past doings of an individual after he is dead. This word being the shortest stanza, represents the lack of quality and memorabilia Tighten has left behind with his children. The final stanza a sestets can be tied to the biblical representation of the day God rested. The number seven represents the change that occurs after an accomplished cycle. Tighten, accomplices all he could so the last stanza represents his death the final rest he accomplished after his life cycle. The poem has a steady rhythms. Though not all stanzas have a structured rhyme scheme, the poem still flows as if it does. It is like the steady yet unusual flow of life, Just as the poem is a depiction of Digestion’s life as was represented in the rose fiction. The first stanza contains a set of rhyming couplets, repeating the first rhyme in the last stanza (an â€Å"a, a b, b a, a† format). The last rhyme however is a forced rhyme, this is there to show that leaving the omnipresence was not something the Jay wanted, but was what was forced on him. The second stanza consists of alternate rhymes that emphasize the questioning in this stanza, that he is running alternate scenarios in his mind as to why the wife who used to love him hates him so much now. The fourth sestets has the last rhyme, â€Å"clock† and â€Å"flock†. This symbolizes hat the time he has left with his children is limited as his death is nearing. The rest of the poem is rhyming going parallel to the pores fiction as explanations are revealed in the story, the confusion and rhyming stops. The poem commences with the omnipresent narrator giving a visual imagery of the meeting between two contradicting birds. The â€Å"song bird† represents something happy, passive and peaceful, while â€Å"bird of prey† represents something sly, dominating and warlike. The story continues with oxymoron inverted syntaxes of line two, that helps to emphasize that the creatures have contradicting personae and that their union could ever last as it was based on confusion. Just as in the prose fiction, Sills thought she could turn Tighten into someone he wasn’t, and failed. The diction used in the first stanza such as; â€Å"vices†, â€Å"Jay† and â€Å"Night†, aid in displaying the theme of conflict in relationships. ‘Vic’s’ is the Latin word for change, in reference to the context it highlights Sill’s need to change her husband’s persona and fight to create a life for them that he never wanted. The capitalization dif words such as Jay and Night, personify these nonhuman objects, in the case of the Jay it helps to emphasize this Ewing a character trait of Tighten, while the Night highlights Sill’s character as bright cold and heartless, but at that time seeming beautiful and peaceful. Lines three and four of the first stanza also help to concretion the theme of contradictory persons in relationships, displayed in the first stanza. Stanza two is a rhetorical question sestets, it constantly asks questions the Jay’ is obviously unable to answer, and these are symbolic of the time where the relationship between Sills and Tighten was confusing. He didn’t know where she stood, whether still in love with IM or hating h for the injustice she believes he did to their son, the first line emphasizes this. It follows with a reference to the brownstone house Sills spent a majority of the text fighting to obtain. The use of diction such as â€Å"prison†, â€Å"brown†, and â€Å"stones† was a slight pun as a Jay would find a house made of stones a prison, and Juxtaposed with the text, it can be said that Tighten saw the house his wife fought so much for was like a prison to him, and a symbol of his failures in his relationships and providing for his family. Line two is the first and only mention of their children in the poem. This is symbolic as it shows that not only did Tighten not spend enough time with them and focused more on himself, but he also failed as a father in that he couldn’t protect them from the â€Å"snow† which is a personified symbolism of his wife. The personification of the ‘light’, at the end of the stanza references all the happiness and innocence still in the family. When the persona asks about the moaning light that ‘she’ has trapped it means that he was unable to prevent the happiness and life from leaving their family, this aids in uncovering the themes of failing one’s family and loosing things that are important. The third stanza has the most textual allusions, the stanza opens with a pun, â€Å"window sills†. As a bird a sill is somewhere you can rest, be at peace like a home, in this means Tighten no longer feels at home in the browns stones. Sills is also the name of his wife so it can mean that he is also no longer feeling happy in his marriage, as shown in the text queen he began going you the house form his mistress in the nights. â€Å"They’ve clipped your wings† line two of the stanza refers to when he almost got his arm amputated due to his indolence. This is symbolic as it is a physical representative ND slight foreshadowing of how his time was ending. The next line refers to the song they sang to him at the wedding. The ‘f†, ‘s’, ‘the’ and ‘b’ fricative and plosive so funds of the fourth line in the third stanza, emphasizes the running and the drama happening in that scene of the text. The ‘swim home’ in the last line of that stanza references the Caribbean since Islands in the Caribbean are surrounded by water. The last sestets refers to the last actions before Digestion’s death. It starts with a pun, on Digestion’s childhood, as he dived for the coins white men through at him, and also an allusion to him diving to his death. The ‘new light’ is symbolic for Digestion’s religious period, where the movement of the new light helped him to finally discover himself, though completely swiping his personality. Winter’s clock’ is symbolic for Digestion’s attempts at going back in time to rectify the problems mainly caused by his relationship with his wife. The couplet, single line and septet, is after his death. People have pained cries due to morning Digestion’s death. The mansion of Prayers refer to his newfound beliefs and Eulogy is the speech given at a funeral. The final stanza is technically the omnipresence’s eulogy for Tighten, though it shows that he s not someone people will remember with respect. It speaks of how he could have had a life if he’d made different choices. It gives an image of his death at sea, and its connection to his past in the Caribbean. It then shows the general sadness surrounding his death, and accentuates the theme of death in the text. The poem changes from a tone of observation, to unease, to sadness. Hopefully bringing out an overall sympathy for the persona. Though it is not a total rhyming poem, it still has a flowing rhythms that showcases the life cycle of Tighten, as shown in the text. Conclusion The text Brown girl, brownstones, is an excellent depiction of women and men in immigrant communities. Most persons generally sympathize with the women of these communities, however this poem has hopefully garnered a positive response to men in these communities, and those shown in the text. This may help persons to recognize that women were not the only ones with problems in the text. The blame for these conflicts also, should not be solely the fault of males like Tighten, in the prose, but equally shared between each individual, and characters in the prose fiction. How to cite BrownGirl Brownstones, Papers

Importance of Voting free essay sample

Importantance of Voting In todays society, we need to voice our opinions. There are many ways to get our opinions out. We could write letters visit our fellow politicians, and call their offices. But the most effective way to get your opinions out there is to vote. Voting is what our country builds off of. We as American citizens had the constitutional right to vote for the President of the United States, Governor, Mayor, etc. But for some reason, some individuals feel that they dont need to vote. They could not be any more wrong. Voting is important because it shows that we pay attention to politics, the issues of the day, and to get your voice heard. A reason why voting is important is because of significant events that happened in history for us to vote. There were several events that took place regarding our freedom to vote. They involved the 1 5th and 19th amendment. We will write a custom essay sample on Importance of Voting or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page There was a time about 200 hundred years ago when people did not want us to vote if we did not meet the criteria of being a Caucasian male back then. Since there was such a big deal about it and people lost their lives to have more reedom, their sacrifice should not be taken for granted. I think voting is a patriotic act that everyone that is legal should participate in. Voting shows that we care about ourselves and history. Believe it or not there are still people that do not want us to vote. We as people have to do what is right and stand up for ourselves and honor the ones before us. Secondly no matter how much a person thinks their vote does not count it does. It is a way for your voice to be heard through your vote. When we vote, e are showing elected officials and lawmakers how we feel about health care, education, social security, and other important issues. It is also important because children under the age of eighteen cannot vote. As a parent they are obligated to vote for their child when it comes to things about school and safety. It is a way of looking out for them as well. Others may also look at how different neighborhoods are from each other. It actually has to do with how involved that area is when it comes to elections and how much they care for their neighborhood. When you vote most of the time you will get the results you are looking for. By voting it shows how he or she cares enough about their power using the first amendment to their most advantage by letting their voices be heard. Numbers are very important when it comes to voting. If we vote and have our family vote, then that could make a huge difference. It is for us to vote for what we believe in. If not, then others will do it for us whether we agree or not. Everyone always has concerns and comments about what is going on in our country. If no one speaks up, then it could possibly destroy the democratic process. So in conclusion voting is a vital part of our society. Not only is voting a constitutional right, but its our civic duty to go out and vote. Voting allows people that maybe do not have a huge voice to get their ideas and opinions out. Voting also is a great indicator if individuals pay attentions to politics and issues of the day going on in the country. Any chance we have as Americans to vote, we need to go out and vote and get our voices heard.

Project Management International Finance

Question: Discuss about the Project Management for International Finance. Answer: Using 50-50 Rule Using 0-100 Rule Earned Value Discrepancy From the two tables shown above, it can be deduced that the Earned Value Discrepancy is 8,825. Schedule Variance using 50-50 Rule Scheduled Variance (SV) is the difference between Planned Value (PV), which is the budgeted value and Earned Value (EV), which is the actual value of the work at the specific time. This factor determines whether the project work is ahead of, or on or behind the schedule. In this case study SV = EV PV = 4,275 11,050 = -6,775. As the result is negative, the project work is behind schedule, (Baker Riddick, 2013). Schedule Performance Index (SPI) This factor, which is the ratio between EV and PV, is used to determine if the project work is ahead of or on or behind schedule in relative terms. In this case study, SPI = EV / PV = 4,275 / 11,050 = 0.38. As the result is less than 1, it reflects that the project work is behind schedule, (Baker Riddick, 2013). Cost Variance (CV) using 50-50 Rule This factor, which is the difference between PV and AC (the Actual Cost), is used to determine whether the project work is under or on or over budget. In this case study, CV = EV AC = 13,100 19,600 = - 6,500. As the result is negative, it shows that the project is behind schedule, (Mudra, 2014). Cost Performance Index (CPI) This factor, which is the ratio between EV and AC, is used to determine if the project work is ahead of or on or behind schedule in relative terms. In this case study, CPI = EV / AC = 13,100 / 19,600 = 0.67. As the result is less than 1, it reflects that the project work is behind schedule, (Baker Riddick, 2013). Estimate at Completion (EAC) As the project progresses, there can be variations which occur into the final Budgeted Actual Cost (BAC) as compared to the planned final cost. This factor is used to determine the ratio of the project / estimate values of the planned cost of the project at the projects finish with the currently available data of the project. This factor can be determined by using the following formula to calculate EAC, which is based on the information and conditions given in the case study: EAC = BAC / CPI = 17,350 / 0.67 = 25,895. A Brief Status Report based on Table 01 From the results obtained for the project which have been based on various factors used for calculating the values, it has been observed that the project is under-performing. In fact, all the results show that the project is behind schedule and may eventually prove to be costly for the management, (Mudra, 2014). But I have another fact to bring to the notice of the management and that concerns with the authenticity of these results. Experts have opined in many instances that the results obtained by using these factors are only indicative and should not be considered as final verdicts on the outcome of the project. It is therefore essential for the management to arrive at a conclusion only after all the tasks have been completed and then arrive at the correct conclusion. In this respect, the management should look at the projected values shown in Table-4. These values show that the project is right on schedule and cannot be considered as a loss making project, (Mudra, 2014). List of References Baker, H.K. and Riddick, L.A. (2013) International Finance: A Survey. Oxford: OUP USA. Mudra, J. (2014) International Financial Management (12th ed). Stamford, CT: Cengage Learning.

Am Lit- Crucible and Lottery Similarities Essay Example

Am Lit- Crucible and Lottery Similarities Essay Villagers persecute individuals at random, and the victim is guilty of no transgression other than having drawn the wrong slip of paper from a box. Seems like in the Crucible many just grabbed the â€Å"wrong slip† of paper. * The elaborate ritual of the lottery is designed so that all villagers have the same chance of becoming the victim—even children are at risk. Each year, someone new is chosen and killed, and no family is safe. Like in the Crucible the villagers focused on maintaining public reputation, the townsfolk of Salem must fear that the sins of their friends and associates will taint their names. Many kept blaming each other so it was almost like they were chose at random because everyone kept getting blamed. * In â€Å"The Lottery† villagers turn against the victim much like many turned on those accused of being a witch. The instant that Tessie Hutchinson chooses the marked slip of paper, she loses her identity as a popular housewife. Her friends and family participate in the killing with as much enthusiasm as everyone else. Tessie essentially becomes invisible to them in the fervor of persecution. Although she has done nothing â€Å"wrong,† her innocence doesn’t matter. She has drawn the marked paper—she has herself become marked—and according to the logic of the lottery, she therefore must die. * Tessie’s death is an extreme example of how societies can persecute innocent people for absurd reasons. Those who are persecuted become â€Å"marked† because of a trait or characteristic that is out of their control like in the Crucible they cannot control who was blaming them. Just as the villagers in â€Å"The Lottery† blindly follow tradition and kill Tessie because that is what they are expected to do, people in real life often persecute others without questioning why. We will write a custom essay sample on Am Lit- Crucible and Lottery Similarities specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Am Lit- Crucible and Lottery Similarities specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Am Lit- Crucible and Lottery Similarities specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer As Jackson suggests, any such persecution is essentially random, which is why Tessie’s bizarre death is so universal. * The Crucible is the role that hysteria can play in tearing apart a community. Hysteria supplants logic and enables people to believe that their neighbors, whom they have always considered upstanding people, are committing absurd and unbelievable crimes—communing with the devil, killing babies, and so on. The lottery causes ciaos within the community fearing that they will draw the ticket. It also doesn’t discourage from children just like the witch trails did not.

Social Security Privitization essays

Social Security Privitization essays When President John F. Kennedy said Americans would be the first to walk on the moon, incompetent people said it could not be done. NASAs technology lagged years behind Russias and the Russians never did put a man on the moon. But Neil Armstrongs one small step made the dream reality. When it comes to visionary social policy, beware of those incompetent people who would reject a great plan simply because it means doing something for the first time. Take the farsighted idea of transforming our troubled Social Security system into a system of personal accounts. Conservative estimates show that workers who invested their payroll taxes in personal accounts would get 3 to 5 times more retirement income than Social Security provides (socialsecurity.org/pubs/articles/dao-12-02-98.html). The Cato Institute has a long history of seeking alternatives to the current Social Security system. Since 1979 the Cato Institute has published more than 40 books, articles, and reports outlining the programs problems and crafting innovative policy solutions. Founded in 1977, the Cato Institute is a nonpartisan public policy research foundation headquartered in Washington D.C. The Institute is named for Catos Letters, libertarian pamphlets that helped lay the philosophical foundation for the American Revolution (cato.org/about/about.html). The Cato experts examine the problems facing our current system, the methods that can be used to move towards a system of personal retirement accounts, and the effects that a new system would have on American workers (socialsecurity.org/about/about.html). On August 14, 1995 the Cato Institute launched its Project on Social Security Privatization, the largest undertaking in the organizations history. The objective of the project is to formulate a viable blueprint for privatizing the Social Security system. Rather than paying taxes into a...

Trip to Mexico Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3750 words

Trip to Mexico - Research Paper Example The researcher states that Mexico is widely known as a suitable destination for those who want to immerse in ancient civilization, relax in pristine beaches, and indulge in its rich history. As a tourist, the researcher desire to know Mexico through its culture, history, music, food, and art, so he decided to visit Guadalaraja, Jalisco and Yucatan. The researcher plans to first visit Guadalajara, Jalisco, which features Mexico’s prominent traditions such as the mariachi music, tequila, and charros (â€Å"Guadalajara†). The researcher wants to roam around Guadalajara’s cathedral, which houses the mural of Bartolome Esteban Murrillo entitled â€Å"The Assumption of the blessed Virgin† and the second largest organ in the argon (â€Å"Guadalajara†). As an architecture enthusiast, it would be very exciting for me to witness the mix architectural styles in the Guadalajara’s Cathedral. The presence of numerous museums and theaters in the city will s urely enable me to grasp the history of the country. The researcher’s second destination would be the Chichen-Itza in Yucatan. Mexico boasts rich culture and tradition even before the Spaniards came into the country. Chichen-Itza is deemed by many as the most significant archaeological remnant of Maya-Toltex civilization. The researcher wants to walk in the cobblestone once walked by Toltecs and Putun Maya. I desire to witness the temples and ruins, which are the masterpieces of the Mesoamerican architecture. Then, the researcher plans to relax in the pristine beach of Maya Riviera. His trip to Mexico would not be complete without indulging its natural wonders. I plan to visit Mexico on May 5 to 10 as it’s a period suitable for tourists who want low accommodation prices and discounts as low season begins after Easter and ends at mid-December (â€Å"When to Go†). I found a website named explor-guadalajara.com that tackles the must-see places in Guadalajara such a s the cathedral, Teotro Degollado and the like. Meanwhile, whs.unesco.org presents information about the city of Chichen-Itza. Works Cited Baird, David. Frommer’s Cancus, Conzumel, and the Yucatan 2010. New Jersey: Frommer’s, 2009. Print. Guadalajara. Wiki travel. Web. 2012. When to Go to Mexico. Dummies.com. Web. 2012. 2.0 Annotated Bibliography Baird, David. Frommer’s Cancus, Conzumel, and the Yucatan 2010. New Jersey: Frommer’s, 2009. Print. The author has lived in various parts of Mexico for several years. Thus, he possesses an extensive knowledge about historical places in Mexico and its must-see places. A part of the book has tackled on the ruins of the Chichen-Itza. It highlights the monuments, temples, and plazas that will greet modern day visitors. In addition, it briefly tackled on dwellers of the ancient sites. It offers information that helps me appreciate the Chichen-Itza, the ancient civilization, and Mexico. This book, which is available at google books, caters to needs of tourists and college students. It provides relevant and current information; thus, I will give it a CRAAP score of 7. Chichen-Itza. National Geographic. Web. 2012. National Geographic is a database, which presents numerous articles about different topics. It provided information about the history of Chichen Itza. It specifically presented interesting information on the importance and accuracy of Mayan astronomy. The ancient Mayan exhibited its advanced astronomical skills through accurately predicting solar eclipses. In addition, the article highlighted the ancient tradition of sacrificing young women to the Mayan rain god. This article presents interesting information that makes me more excited in visiting Chichen Itza. This article can be found through google search. It provides helpful information for tourist, college students, and lay-person. Thus, I will give it 7 CRAAP score for its relevance and accuracy. Howells, John, and Don Merwin. Choose Mexico for Retirement: Information For Travel, Retirement, Investment, and Affordable Living. US: Globe Pequot, 2007. Print. John Howells has co-authored and authored nine travel-retirement books. He is residing at Pacific

Discussion question Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 15

Discussion question - Coursework Example Diabetes has increased among individuals based on the absurd lifestyle and unbalanced food habits. Managing the impact of obesity and neuropathy play the vital role in reducing the difficulties that may accumulated with diabetes. It has often been noted that the people who are overweight are noted to be having higher chances of developing diabetes. Therefore, to increase the effectiveness of the treatment of diabetes the neuropathy and obesity instances must be controlled so that the impact of the same could be reduced to a greater extent (Rangel & et al., 2014). The provider can approach the patient with the help of discussion about the treatment related to diabetes as well as the difficulties of diabetes can be reduced. By providing a better treatment related to diabetes provider can influence the selection of agents for the treatment of diabetes. The development of instances of obesity could help in developing a proper domain of treatment for controlling the level of blood sugar. By enhancing the self-care activities of patient the provider can effectively develop a proper plan for meeting with the needs of the progression and enhance the treatment of blood sugar. With the help of medication as well as counseling the provider can influence the patients for the treatment of diabetes and reduce the problem associated with the same (Mshigeni, Kimunai, Anderson, Fildes & Villar, 2014). Rangel, A. H., Moreno, C. A. Ochoa, T. M., Saucedo, L. Z. & Renaud, K. J. (2014). The influence of peripheral neuropathy, gender, and obesity on the postural stability of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Journal of Diabetes Research,

Discourse Analysis on Psychological Knowledge Production

Discourse Analysis on Psychological Knowledge Production Putting Critical Psychology into Practice: A discourse analysis of the production of psychological knowledge; How I live with schizophrenia interview by STELLA BREEZE, Daily Mail 4th November 2003 In this assignment an article featured in the Daily Mail newspaper on the 4th of December 2003 was chosen to be analysed by way of discourse analysis. The article concerned an account of a scientific researchers coming to terms with a mental illness. Diagnosed with Schizophrenia, the individual giving her account elaborated upon what her condition meant to her, how it had been present in her history and who and how others involved in her life had helped her to cope with it. An attempt was made to draw out her perception of this reality inherent to her account, whilst applying it to an established school of psychological knowledge. A critical examination was undergone by way of comparison of her accounted reality and an epistemological model of psychological knowledge. The chosen school of psychological knowledge in this analysis was social constructionism. According to theorists, Social constructionism is based upon the fracture of modernist ideas such as objectivity, rationality and truth (Burr, 1995). It belongs primarily to post-modern thinking and is concerned with how realities are constructed by the subject. It is an epistemology that is heavily concerned with three main principles: the principle of construction, the principle of social and the principle of language (Burr, 1998). It is believed that the individual must construct a reality and live and think within that construction. It is believed that unlike traditional constructivism that the construct is informed and perceived by the locality and proximity of the individual to their society. Furthermore, the construct, in relation to its society, can be understood through the language of that society’s culture. Language is believed to represent what is understood within the language but not what is outside of the language itself (Cromby et al, 1999). That is to say, tha t the language represents a reality reflected by societal values and shared understanding rather than something that exists extrinsically. Essentially, social constructionism is concerned with the usefulness of theories, ideas and points of view contained within someone’s language construct in relation to the power that it ordains certain groups and the action that it gives to the functioning of the people within those groups. Essentially, the psychology of an individual is seen as being immersed within the locality of their culture and cannot have their mind removed from this subjective reality. From a psychological perspective, given the qualitative nature of social constructionism, its use of discourse analysis, its rejection of quantitative methods and objectivity, truth and rationality to gather defining data, it was decided that discourse analysis was the best thing to suit this epistemological analysis. The tendency with social constructionism is to draw out the locali sed meaning of an individual’s account. Or as the social contructionist and analyst Megan points out ‘It is human interchange that gives language its capacity to mean and it must stand as the critical locus of concern’ (Megan, 1994). It is with this in mind, that an analysis was undergone. In the account we see that the person involved has used her scientific definitions and knowledge of schizophrenia to identify her condition. In her account she continually uses the language and construct of scientific rationality to objectify her experience and construct a reality in keeping with that perceived in the psychological domain. For instance, she accounts for her being schizophrenic as different from the norm throughout the accounts of her past. She explains that it became prevalent to her in her first year at university but was easily dismissed due to the culture of the time. She emphasises the importance of social recognition, suggesting that in her teens her different behaviour was not recognised as the culture of the time was understood as having ‘bizarre’ expression (Breeze, 2003). In this we can see that she is indicating to us that she felt bound by social convention, in that it was hard to establish at the time that she was mentally ill (schizophrenic) . However, now she perceives it as such, as the established scientific rational of her current position allows her to interpret her behaviour of that time as such. This is perhaps why she defines herself as a long term schizophrenic and indicates a strong identity with being a sufferer with that condition, which ultimately forms the basic premise for her reality construct. She strengthens this idea of scientific rationality when she empowers herself with the ability to determine her condition. For instance, she states that ‘reluctantly, I agreed to see a psychiatrist on campus and persuaded him that I was OK. I was asked if I had been hearing voices or ever felt I was in a different world, but I just lied and said I was fine. I wasnt diagnosed with schizophrenia for another six years’ (Breeze, 2003). In this we see that she determines that the Doctor’s description of a split world outside of the one defined by the scientific social norm, is true. Whilst acknowled ging that this is the truth she establishes that her denial of these symptoms as lies to avoid being identified as mentally ill. This shows that she is rationalising by splitting her experiential life into that of a normal and objective reality and a confused and subjective sureality as is often prescribed by the reasoning of society and scientific discourse when concerned with behaviours outside of the norm (Bandura, 1986). Having established a real world of socially defined normal behaviour and a foiled world of surreality and madness that defines the schizophrenic stereotype, we see how she comes to terms with the people around her. In her acceptance of the condition and the two worlds as one she states that ‘it was then that it really hit me and I had to deal with everything that goes with the label. Schizophrenia is such a powerful word. I could no longer deny that I had a serious and chronic mental illness’ (Breeze, 2003). We can see here that she is taking into account the discourse of schizophrenia and the stereotypes and social stigma (ignorance) that go with it. She acknowledges that because now her condition has been given a word and therefore set in language, she can no longer deny it. It is not so much the inability to deny having the condition itself, as she clearly identified from a young age that she did have a difference to the perceived norm, but the inability to deny the s ocially constructed idea of schizophrenia that pertains to language and discourse. At this point she goes onto explain the reality of living with her condition in terms of social impact. She states that she ’didnt tell my parents for another two years after I was diagnosed. When I finally did, I said I had mental health problems. They were shocked and worried at first, but have been very supportive, as have my brother and sister’ (Breeze, 2003). Furthermore, she outlines the further reaching social reality that sufferers of the condition must endure. She suggests that ’getting a job is the most difficult thing for sufferers. Id prefer to get in front of people and show them never be dishonest about it, but theres the fear that your CV will automatically be binned if they know’ (Breeze, 2003). This fear of alienation from social normality is heightened with her notion that ’maybe they assume youre going to be unreliable or will take a lot of time of f sick. A lot of people deal with the illness by denial its just that this is an illness’. Here she clearly identifies herself (and any other sufferer) as needing to confront the reality of schizophrenia. But what is the reality of this schizophrenia? Turning to her ‘utterances’ and their significance may give a better indication (Aitchison, 2005, p.42). Through her usage of the words ‘need’ and ‘denial’ whilst determining the action she deems required to facilitate her condition we can see that she is detaching her schizophrenia from her reality construct once again. She has determined that those around her have sympathy and compassion for her condition, like that understood in the research of familial constructs (Robert, 1951). However, we also see the suspicion of the wider reaching social bonds where the ideas of sympathy and compassion are not so commonly found. In these accounts we see that she does not necessarily identify her sc hizophrenia as a part of her reality, but that it is a mental illness that she has to compensate for. Having established the history of her condition and coming to terms with being identified as a person with a schizophrenic condition, she then talks of the reality of her condition, diagnosing it and accounting for it in terms of symptoms. This forms the reality of her schizophrenia in terms of symptoms and episodes; of potentially damaging and unsociable behaviour that need to be alleviated. The focus is put on the need to alleviate these symptoms, much like that of a cold, so that she can operate and function in accordance to social and cultural norms. In this definition of her experiences we see that she spends little time entertaining any notions of significance or attempts to construct meaning for the voices in her head in any way whatsoever. Other than them being defined as a symptom and ultimately a nuisance, she gives them no regard in her account. For instance, she explains that ‘Ive also learnt to be better at spotting the signs. I stop things getting out of hand by t rying to get enough rest and relaxation. I also avoid anything that may exacerbate the symptoms, such as drinking alcohol, watching TV which sends me messages and going out in large groups‘(Breeze, 2003). This certainly indicates that her treatment of this condition is not dissimilar to that of a socially unwanted vice. Furthermore, we can see that she will take social sacrifices due to the idea and significance that she impinges upon these symptoms as indicators of madness within her socially constructed reality. She seems to place a responsibility of the removal of her perceived madness for the benefit of normal society at the heart of her account. This discourse of madness or surreal otherness is at the heart of the socially constructed ideology of sane and is clearly the thing that she fears to enter into. As the post modern critic Roland Bartes puts it, ’Imagine someone who abolishes within himself all barriers, all classes, all exclusions, not by syncretism but by simple discard of that old spectre: logical contradiction; who mixes every language, even those said to be incompatible; who silently accepts every charge of illogicality, of incongruity; who remains passive in the face of Socratic irony (leading the interlocutor to the supreme disgrace: self-contradiction) and legal terrorism (how much penal evidence is based on a psychology of consistency!). Such a man would be the mockery of our society: court, school, asylum, polite conversation would cast him out: who endures contradiction without shame? Now this anti-hero exists: he is the reader of the text at the moment he takes his pleasure.’ (Bartes, 1975, p.3) With this statement we can see how Bartes highlights the strength of social construction as an informer of the way in which we objectify knowledge so that we can perceive things as sane and insane from the perspective of language. Clearly challenging and indicating the flaw in ’Cartesian’ scientific rationality as the governor of what is sane and insane, he suggests that someone who challenges this and essentially sees outside of their localised knowledge construct and its discourse of a socially governed language would be made a mockery of by that society. He even refers to this in terms of conversation, which is what is referred to directly in the account. This is clearly the biggest fear present in the account and central to the person’s definition of her condition in terms of understanding, rationalising and formation of a reality construct. She is essentially using what Homi Bhabha, a post-colonial critic and cynic of established schools of psychological tho ught, particularly in the West, refers to as the technique of applying a ’localised cultural’ definition of her condition and applying it to an illusory ’universal’ truth (Bhabha, 1994, p,62). Essentially, her reality is that her condition is an insane or ’mad’ other that is signified in accordance to the socially constructed sane that is represented in her localised bi-polar language system. The role of ‘agency’ also plays a significant part in her account (Smith, 2001, P.2). On highlighting a very clear socially defined split between what is sane behaviour and what is insane behaviour, she suggests that although not wanting to, she feels relief when she enters the hospital. On craving a perceived agency prevalent in her accordance to the principles of scientific rationality, she feels calm at the removal from society so that she no longer needs to actively suppress and be conscious of the onset of the insane other. She tells us that, ‘Finding it hard to trust your own judgment is part and parcel of the illness. For instance, if there was a noise outside that I couldnt account for I might think it was the voices, so sometimes Id ask Mike or a friend: Is that real? Its still not perfect and I still go in and out of hospital. I hate going doing it, but once I am there, there is a feeling of relief.’ (Breeze, 2003) During this account we can see that she again makes no indication as to what the meanings of her voices are or what they may signify. Instead she focuses upon them in terms of unwanted symptoms. We can see that she has removed agency away from a coming to terms with her disease in a personal manner and toward a constant and vigilant guardianship over her perceived sanity. It would seem that with her being taken into hospital her account ends and she does not extrapolate on any of the findings or experiences within the hospital, as if the committing of herself to hospital brings closure to her discourse. Essentially, that her madness and insanity that bears no significance in her discourse of rationality and sanity has no place in the scientifically established social construction of knowledge. In this she indicates that she has become a patient to her condition, rather than a polemic agent to the condition, which brings her much needed relief. It is not so much that her symptoms are being alleviated, but that her symptoms are being taken away from societal knowledge and its rational discourse of the sane. In her conclusion we see how she perceives the stereotypes of schizophrenia as madness. Trying to steer away from the demonisation of schizophrenics that she feels is perpetuated by the media and other sources of social informants she suggests that, ‘The perception of people with schizophrenia still hasnt gone away. On the whole, people with schizophrenia are not violent. Obviously it happens because you read stories about it, but people with schizophrenia are more likely to harm themselves than anyone else.’ (Breeze, 2003) In this concluding account we can see that she is concerned with the image of schizophrenics as an unpredictable and essentially violent group of people. She seems to present herself as a schizophrenic who is rational, in control and above all sane, albeit with a mental illness that can and must be controlled. It would appear that she is trying to appeal to socially constructed definitions and ideas of rationality that can be understood within the culture and language system of English. Entering into a rational discourse that positions the insanity of the schizophrenic as sane, yet subordinate, she succeeds in what De Kaster refers to as ‘The mapping of implicit stories and discourse, that live underground [and] offer opportunities to open a broad discussion, in which the dominant discourse or story can be challenged’ (De Koster et al, 2004). It would appear that she has succeeded in attacking the perception that exists in the socially constructed language of the insane so that ‘alternative paths are being uncovered, choices have to be justified, resulting in an emancipation effect, which, in the long term, can support personal and social changes‘ (De Koster et al, 2004). However, in accordance to the epistemological thought of social constructionism this definition does not necessarily represent a truth. Merely one of many possible truths. Similarly, it is not without critique. Some schools of thought related to social constructionism would argue that this interpretation itself suffers from objectifying her experience (Fry et al, 1997). Others would argue that there is an objective reality from which experience can be measured (Smith, 2000). Although language is a component of ideology and experience can be understood as subjective, there is a physical world whereby experience can be measured. The lengths to which this can be fully drawn out by social constructionism are not as yet established. Bibliography Aitchison, J., (2005) Words of the Mind London: Blackwell Bandura, A,. (1986) Social Foundations of Thought AND Action New Jersey: Prentice Hall Bartes, R,. (1975) The Pleasure of the Text, Canada: Harper Collins. Bhabha, H., (1994) The Location of Culture New York: Routledge Breeze, S., (2003) How I live with schizophrenia London: Daily Mail Burr,V,. (1995) An Introduction to Social Constructionism, London: Routledge. Burr, V. (1998) ‘Overview: realism, relativism, social constructionism and discourse.’ In Parker, I (Ed.) Social Constructionism, Discourse and Realism. London: Sage. Cromby, J Nightingale, D (1999) Social constructionist psychology. London: Sage. De Koster Katerin (2004) Two practices, one perspective, many constructs: on the implications of social constructionism on scientific research and therapy. Taken from: http://www.centroditerapiastrategica.org/journal english 1/Articoli_Inglese/de koster.pdf Fox,D Prilleltensky,I (1997) Critical Psychology: An introduction, London Sage Gregan, K., (1994) An Invitation to Social Constructionism London: Sage Smith, J., (2000) The Psychology of Action London: McMillan Rogers, C., (1951) Client centred therapy Boston: Houghton Mifflin